Any policy consists of goals and objectives set by the private interests of the population, methods, means of protection of interests, public-state institutions. It is difficult to form a single point of view on the regions with respect to significant differences in climatic, geographical, socio-economic, political and ethnic and other features in the territory of large states.

The article provides a comparative analysis of the theoretical aspects of the content of regional policy, as well as the current regional policy, theoretical and methodological foundations and consequences for the development and implementation of regional policies, processes of formation and theory of regional policy. The definition of the concept and significance of regional policy is considered from the point of view of different researchers. The content of the main goals, directions and methods of regional policy for the current period is disclosed. Forms conclusions and proposals to improve the effectiveness of regional policy as a whole.