The article considers the history, stages of development and features of the process of professional training of history teachers in the system of higher pedagogical education. The object of the study was the experience of training future history teachers at the Kazakh National Pedagogical University named after Abai. The work analyzes the content of pedagogical education, mechanisms for forming professional competencies of future teachers, and methodological training issues in teaching historical knowledge. In addition, the interrelationship of theoretical and practical training in the training of history teachers, the content of curricula and educational programs are considered. During the study, it was determined that the main components of the professional training system in a higher educational institution are theoretical knowledge, pedagogical experience, research work, and methodological training. In addition to the scientific foundations of historical knowledge, the development of modern pedagogical technologies, critical thinking, and research skills play an important role in the formation of students' professional competence within the university. The article describes the main factors contributing to the professional formation of history teachers. At the same time, directions for improving the system of higher pedagogical education and increasing the professional training of future history teachers are proposed. The results of the study will allow us to improve the content of history teacher training in higher pedagogical educational institutions and increase the effectiveness of the pedagogical education system.