The second half of the twentieth century is characterized by the second stage of the development of socialist construction in Kazakhstan. Serious changes have taken place in the socio-demographic system of the country. Scientific research to give a historical objective assessment of these phenomena is still actively ongoing. In this regard, one of the main goals of this research work is a historical analysis of the features of cultural development and the social role of the German and Polish diaspora living in Kazakhstan during this period.

One of the main objectives of the research is to analyze the judgments of historiography that determine the activities of the cultural development of German and Polish ethnic groups of the second half of the twentieth century, and to formulate their point of view. Within the framework of this task, a historiographical comparative analysis of works published on the topic in the Soviet and independent Kazakhstan periods was put forward. At the same time, the introduction of new archival data into scientific circulation in the context of the problem is also one of the scientific tasks of the work. In the era of the "Thaw" of the 1950s and 60s, the political and legal statuses of the deported nationalities in the Soviet Union were restored, access to cultural and social development was opened. The influence of these positive changes was reflected in the cultural life of Polish and German ethnic groups.

As a result of the research work, it is possible to judge the steady development of the activities of German and Polish cultural organizations that lived in Kazakhstan in the 1950s and 1990s. However, we note that this issue needs to be continued with a comprehensive historical analysis based on archival documents.