The war between the USSR and Nazi Germany, which is one of the main episodes of the Second World War, became the largest war in the history of mankind. The war greatly affected the socio-economic life of the USSR and demonstrated the unpreparedness of the Soviet Union for it. The raising of the military economy in the rear was carried out simultaneously with military operations. The main rear region was Kazakhstan. Zones and centers for military supply have been formed in each region of our country. One of them is the West Kazakhstan region, where women's labor was the main labor force. During the war, women's labor played a significant role in the rear. The article examines the role and work of women in the transformation of local economy in the West Kazakhstan region during the Great Patriotic War. The main scientific objective of the article is a comprehensive analysis of the activities of women in the adaptation and transformation of the national economy and economy to the conditions of war.