The article analyzes the state policy in the field of training and reproduction of scientific and pedagogical personnel in pedagogical educational institutions of Kazakhstan in 1970-1985. Based on archival materials, statistical data and regulatory documents of the union and republican levels, the main directions of personnel policy in the system of pedagogical higher education are considered. Special attention is paid to the dynamics of the number and quality of teaching staff, the development of postgraduate studies, doctoral studies and the Institute of competition, as well as the state of the educational, material and scientific experimental base of pedagogical universities. It is shown that during the period under study there was a steady quantitative growth of scientific and pedagogical staff, the network of pedagogical institutes expanded, and the number of doctors and candidates of sciences increased. At the same time, systemic problems have been identified, including the uneven distribution of highly qualified personnel between central and peripheral universities, limited effectiveness of postgraduate training, weak involvement of part of the teaching staff in research activities and insufficient material and technical support. The conclusion is drawn about the predominantly extensive nature of the reproduction of scientific and pedagogical personnel, in which priority was given to quantitative indicators at the expense of qualitative parameters of scientific activity. It is noted that the current model of personnel policy did not ensure the sustainable and uniform development of the scientific potential of the pedagogical universities of the republic. The results obtained make it possible to clarify the features of the functioning of the Soviet system of higher pedagogical education and are important for the historical understanding of the modern processes of reforming the training of scientific and pedagogical personnel in the Republic of Kazakhstan.