This article examines the activities of Uzakbay Zheldirbayuly Kulymbetov during his tenure as Chairman of the Kazakh Central Executive Committee from 1935 to 1937. Particular attention is paid to his contribution to addressing the socio-economic and political challenges facing the republic during this period. The study analyzes his role in facilitating the return of populations that had fled Kazakhstan following the famine of 1931–1933, promoting employment among the local population, restoring traditional forms of economic activity, and implementing measures aimed at revitalizing camel breeding. The article also explores Kulymbetov’s efforts to enhance the status of the Kazakh language, expand educational opportunities for Kazakh children, improve the welfare of children residing in orphanages, and develop administrative personnel from among the indigenous population. These aspects of his activity are examined on the basis of archival documents and other historical sources.

The aim of the study is to analyze Kulymbetov’s role in the development of the republican system of public administration and in the implementation of socio-economic and cultural reforms through the examination of archival materials. The source base of the research includes documents from the archives of the Republic of Kazakhstan, periodical publications, and works of domestic historians. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of Uzakbay Kulymbetov’s place and significance in the history of public administration in Kazakhstan. The scholarly novelty of the article lies in revealing previously understudied aspects of his leadership and administrative activities, as well as identifying the distinctive features of his governance practices through the analysis of archival sources that have not been widely introduced into academic circulation.