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Bulletin of Abai KazNPU. Series of Historical and social-political sciences

THE ROLE OF "KARASHA BIYEV" IN THE GOLDEN HORDE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM

Published March 2026

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Южно-Казахстанский университет имени М. Ауэзова
Abstract

The history of the Golden Horde is intertwined with the history of our country. Despite the fact that a large number of studies on the history of the Jochi Ulus were eventually written and published, the classification of branches of government in the state structure of this gigantic empire is still insufficiently studied.Therefore, in our article, we examined the activities and competencies of a group of bieys called "Karasha bi" in order to make up for this shortcoming, their contribution to the development of the Golden Horde state and their influence in management activities. In our study, the subject of analysis was the role of great personalities in history and their influence in the relations of this ulus with other states that decided the fate of the khans without being elected khan, but only because there was no descendant of Genghis in the Ulus of Jochi. One of the fields of activity of this group of biys, known as Karasha bi, was international relations, and although correspondence on behalf of the Khan of the Golden Horde and on his behalf was conducted in a special way, it determined the terms of the main negotiations and treaties.The article is the first to study the Four Biev Systems. V. V. Velьyaminov-Zernov, Kadyrgali Jalairi. Their work on the four beys paved the way for understanding the meaning of beys. In this direction, where Kadyrgali Jalairi was also one of the karasha biys, Rashid al–Din's writings also did not go unnoticed in our article. Another feature of the later ruling biys of the Golden Horde is that the leader of the four biys was called "Biler biy". These biy continued to rule one of the uluses of the Golden Horde. All this made Karashi Bey the grand vizier not only of one of the beks or the Emir over the emirs, but also of the khan's closest assistant and vizier, the main statesman who held in his hands all areas of management of the military system of the Jochi Ulus. This power allowed the most prominent of them to independently manage the Golden Horde with the nominal participation of the Khan at crucial moments in history. The very meaning of a research article can serve as a basis for choosing the content when studying any historical personality, acting on the nature of the developed structure of knowledge about the personality.

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How to Cite

[1]
Нарымбет, Г., Жанболатов, С. and Ахметшина, Г. 2026. THE ROLE OF "KARASHA BIYEV" IN THE GOLDEN HORDE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM. Bulletin of Abai KazNPU. Series of Historical and social-political sciences. 1, 88 (Mar. 2026). DOI:https://doi.org/10.51889/2959-6017.2026.88.1.020.