This article examines the various methods of punishment and exploitation of human labor in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics from 1917 to 1953, as well as the reasons for the organized repressions against Mukhtar Auezov and Kaiym Mukhamedkhanuly. These years were marked by the combination of the people's creative potential, particularly the intelligentsia, in science, literature, and art with "cosmopolitanism" and "ideology," and a new wave of repression was launched to combat this. While every era has its positive and negative aspects, the hardships suffered by Kazakh writers Mukhtar Auezov and Kaiym Mukhamedkhanuly from repression for their study of Kazakh history and literature made their subsequent lives unbearable. Until Stalin's death in 1953, Kazakh science and literature remained under the oppression of political ideology. As a result, as history tells us, our country lost many patriotic citizens.

The purpose of this article is to demonstrate that studying the unlawful persecution of Mukhtar Auezov and Kaiym Mukhamedkhanuly adds a new dimension to research into the Stalinist repressions perpetrated against humanity by the Soviet regime in the 20th century. The article examines the accusations leveled against the works of Kazakh writers that reflect history and traditions, as well as the various methods used to eradicate them, and compares the past and present.