The article will analyze the complex and contradictory conditions of teacher training and the formation and development of national schools in Soviet Kazakhstan in the 20-30s of the twentieth century. The history of the formation and features of the development, the learning process and the development of the Shymkent Pedagogical College, which contributed to the development of the Soviet education system in Shymkent, in the issue of "training national pedagogical personnel", will also be studied.

The general difficulties in organizing and conducting the educational and methodological work of national schools were the poor and low-income educational and methodological complex, the insufficient educational and material base and the lack of national teaching staff in teaching students in their native language. 

In the article, the authors points out the pros and cons of Soviet education in the opening and establishment of national educational institutions of the Turkestan ASSR in the years after the establishment of Soviet power in Kazakhstan.

The researchers, based on the materials of the State Archive of the Turkestan region, analyzes the development of educational activities in Shymkent, its education system and learning experience, pays special attention to the fate of prominent personalities of the nation, such as Zhusupbek Aimautov, Seilbek Usenov, who worked at the pedagogical college, their pedagogical judgments, fruitful works and, as a rule, are kept in the archival funds of educational institutions of the region of that period.

        Archival documents about the heads and teachers of these educational institutions from the materials of the newspaper "Ak Zhol", an authoritative periodical of the same period in the context of the Shymkent Pedagogical College, and the works of the national intelligentsia on the problems of national schools and their solutions in the 1920s and 1930s are also used as important sources.