Socio-economic and political events that have taken place over more than thirty years of the country's independence have had a great impact on the demographic situation of the population. One of the most important researches facing the Republik of Kazakhstan today is demographic issues, including the demography of the Sout Kazakhstan region, that is, the modern Turkestan region, is considered one of the most emportant topics in itself. There have been unprecedented changes in the population and its demographic situation. One of them was the features and advantages of the demographic situation of the population of the South Kazakhstan region. Scientific research conducted on this subject brings forward new concepts. This scientific article examines the demographic situation of the population of the South Kazakhstan region at the end of the 20th and beginning of the 21st centuries from a historical perspective. In scientific work, the demography of the region's population is studied from different angles. One of the main scientific objectives of the research work is to demonstrate the demography of the region’s population and demographic processes in the region. The demographic situation of the South Kazakhstan region is described, taking into account (such factors as:) internal and external migrations, marriage relations and birth rates and other circumstances. An analysis of statistical materials related to the topic is carried out and its content is revealed.