The article deals with the problems of traditional Kazakh society. The analysis of its ideological content, socio-political structure, national values is shown. The role and place of formation of values, which are the main historical thinking, national culture of a traditional society, are defined. The problem of a comprehensive study of the structure of a traditional society was determined by traditional modernization. The idea of restoring the national ideology, spiritual sources, which is the cornerstone of history and culture, has been defined. It has been made a historical analysis of research in this direction. The historical conditions, economic and cultural prerequisites for the transformation of traditional Kazakh society are considered.
Socio-economic changes contribute to the renewal of spiritual culture, its ideological rearmament. The worldview basis of this process was education. It is shown that in the educational teachings both elements of the experience of the ideological and theoretical development of mankind and peculiar features of national self-consciousness were accumulated.