The Soviet state's forced deportation of people is a controversial topic from the 20th century. This article focuses on the aspects of the deportation of North Caucasus residents during the Great Patriotic War to Semipalatinsk, using analysis of archival sources from the Center for Documentation of the Recent History of Semey. The article examines the resettlement of Chechen special settlers in the region's districts, tracks changes in the number of deported people, and uses archival documents to study the difficulties of housing and material arrangements in the special settlements and the high mortality rates of deportees. Through an examination of the documents, it is evident that challenges were encountered in accommodating deportees to new locations, due to the failure of local authorities and, in some cases, reluctance of state and collective farm leaders to provide adequate resources to special settlers. As a result, negative social and demographic outcomes arose. However, despite these obstacles, the deported people were able to adjust to their new circumstances and even make positive contributions to the economic progress of the region.