The postal and telegraph department of the Russian Empire carried out its activities only for the purpose of making a profit. In general, the postal service of the Russian Empire was inferior to the postal service of European countries, and in Kazakhstan in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, its development lagged behind other regions of the empire. However, given the unique features of the region, the postal service has become the main mechanism for the development of communications in Kazakhstan.

The article under consideration is devoted to a comprehensive study of the activities of postal institutions and the organization of postal services in the Semirechye region in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Here, the main tasks are to analyze the main activities of the postal institution, the dynamics of the development of the postal system of Kazakhstan, including the Semirechensk region, from the point of view of the global development of the postal system for the period under review, and the main ways of postal routes in the Semirechensk region as a type of communication.