This article explores the features of the Russian Empire’s policy toward the Kazakh Steppe in the first half of the 19th century, focusing on the administrative-territorial reform of 1824. Beginning in the late 18th century, Russia intensified its colonial expansion into Central Asia, implementing reforms aimed at establishing political dominance over the steppe. The article analyzes the transformation of the traditional Kazakh governance system, the weakening of the khanate authority, and the introduction of new imperial administrative institutions such as sultan-governors, district chiefs, and village elders. The 1824 reform fundamentally altered the structure and functions of power in the Junior Zhuz and marked the start of Kazakh society’s integration into the Russian administrative system. Drawing on archival sources and classic as well as modern scholarship, the study examines the social and political consequences of these reforms. The author assesses the features of the new governance system, the social role of its officials, and the reforms' impact on Kazakh statehood evolution.