The article deals with the issues of political relations between the USSR and the Mongolian People's Republic. In the preconditions of questions of relations between the two countries, the reasons why both parties entered into an agreement are considered. At the same time, considering the socio-economic situation of the then Mongolian float, the flock pays special attention to the state of the country. For the USSR, the main attention was paid to the issues of political geographical position and the goal of the MHR joining the ranks of the countries of the Union. As part of the study, based on the personal experience of the researchers, this article was written mainly based on a critical approach. In general, the USSR sums up the question of what it gave to the countries in its composition, what it was able to leave as an example.