Water issues occupy a special place in the system of environmental security: water resources deficit, pollution, provision of drinking water to the population, use of transboundary rivers. The issue of distribution and use of transboundary rivers, which are the main source of drinking water for the population of the Central Asian region, has not yet been resolved. Since the beginning of the twentieth century, the population of our planet is 1 billion. Growth to 6 billion, respectively, has reduced the amount of water per capita by 6 times, and currently 80 countries of the world lack water resources. This situation is further aggravated by the transboundary nature of rivers. 40% of the world's population lives on the territory of 300 river massifs that have a cross-border status. For the countries of Central Asia, there is currently a problem of water scarcity. If this problem is not solved together, the problem may become worse. If each state does seek to consider and resolve this issue from an egoistic point of view,the situation becomes worse.