The collapse of the USSR and the creation of New Independent States led to a crisis of political, socio-economic, and demographic phenomena in the post-Soviet space. The demographic system of Soviet Kazakhstan was largely based on the European component. The emigration of representatives of the most numerous European Nations, which coincided with a decrease in the natural growth rates of the Kazakhs, led to the fact that the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan began to decline. At the same time, in the 1990s, there was a trend towards the formation of a sovereign demographic system, the defining role in the functioning of which was played by Kazakhs.