The article discusses the pages of the history of the 30s of the twentieth century of Soviet Kazakhstan. 1920-1930, the territory of Soviet Kazakhstan after wars and revolutions resembled a continuous zone of natural disaster. According to archival documents, hunger primarily mowed down the least protected and weak part of the population - children, the future of the nation and people of advanced and old age, a storehouse of folk wisdom and experience. The article analyzes the problem of street children with particular severity arose in various periods of history, primarily in the years of disasters associated with war, famine, epidemics and other severe social upheavals.