This article analyzes the impact of gender stereotypes on the scientific careers of women in Kazakhstan within both international and national contexts. The purpose of the study is to identify the structural and socio-cultural causes of gender inequality in research and academic environments, and to describe the institutional barriers faced by women researchers. The methodology includes comparative analysis, content analysis of academic literature, and a review of international indices and data. The study highlights prevalent patriarchal attitudes in science, skepticism toward women’s scientific competence, and the underrepresentation of women in senior academic positions. International initiatives and practices aimed at promoting gender equality in STEM, higher education, academic leadership, and scientific personnel policy are examined, with particular attention to their applicability in the Kazakhstani context. The article concludes by emphasizing the need for systematic institutional development of gender policy in the scientific sector.