This article examines the fate of the Mull-Ishans during the Soviet period, their role, and their historical place among the population. The impact of Soviet policies on Islam in Kazakhstan was enormous and devastating, from Islamic institutions to the daily lives of Muslims. Purpose and objectives. The most important thing is a comprehensive study of this topic. An important place in this article is occupied to a certain extent by the disclosure of issues that have not been fully studied, concerning the fate of the mullahs in Soviet times, the religious situation in Soviet times, and the victimization of Ishan mullahs. Research methods and materials. In this article, we will proceed to analyze the methods and strategies used by the Soviet government in the fight against the Muslim clergy under the influence of the Islamic factor formed from the education of Muslim clergy on the population. Result. In general, in Central Asia, including in Kazakhstan, the main reason for the insufficient study of the Islamic topic under Soviet rule is the inaccessibility of researchers to archival materials of state security agencies, which were kept secret. Offer. In our opinion, at the present stage of studying the repression of the clergy in Soviet times, it is extremely necessary to restore the subjectivity of victims of political repression. These materials have previously served as the basis for the production of documentary publications and collections, and will continue to be useful in conducting scientific research in the future.